name: _______________ date: ______
transverse and longitudinal waves
question companion
for 1-5, choose the best answer.
1. in physics, what is a wave?
a. a movement of matter.
b. the process of electrons being transferred.
c. a disturbance that carries energy.
d. large fluctuations in force.
2. how does the medium move in a longitudinal wave?
a. perpendicular to the wave.
b. in the opposite direction of the wave.
c. parallel to the wave.
d. in line with the wave.
3. which of the following is an example of a transverse wave?
a. sound waves
b. ultrasound waves
c. slinky waves
d. visible light waves
4. what is the distance between two corresponding parts of a wave called?
a. wavelength
b. amplitude
c. frequency
d. speed
5. true or false: transverse and longitudinal waves both need a medium in order to travel from one place to another.
a. true
b. false
fill in the blank(s) with the correct answer for 6-9.
6. compressions are places where the waves are _______________ and rarefactions are where the waves are _______________.
7. as wavelength of a wave decreases, the _______________ increases.
8. the measurement of a wave’s height is known as its _______________.
9. the highest parts of a wave are called _______________ and the lowest parts are called _______________.
10. match the terms to part of the wave. write your answers in the spaces provided.
______ wavelength
______ crest
______ amplitude
______ trough
wave diagram with labels a, b, c, d

Question

name: _______________ date: ______
transverse and longitudinal waves
question companion
for 1-5, choose the best answer.
1. in physics, what is a wave?
   a. a movement of matter.
   b. the process of electrons being transferred.
   c. a disturbance that carries energy.
   d. large fluctuations in force.
2. how does the medium move in a longitudinal wave?
   a. perpendicular to the wave.
   b. in the opposite direction of the wave.
   c. parallel to the wave.
   d. in line with the wave.
3. which of the following is an example of a transverse wave?
   a. sound waves
   b. ultrasound waves
   c. slinky waves
   d. visible light waves
4. what is the distance between two corresponding parts of a wave called?
   a. wavelength
   b. amplitude
   c. frequency
   d. speed
5. true or false: transverse and longitudinal waves both need a medium in order to travel from one place to another.
   a. true
   b. false
fill in the blank(s) with the correct answer for 6-9.
6. compressions are places where the waves are _______________ and rarefactions are where the waves are _______________.
7. as wavelength of a wave decreases, the _______________ increases.
8. the measurement of a wave’s height is known as its _______________.
9. the highest parts of a wave are called _______________ and the lowest parts are called _______________.
10. match the terms to part of the wave. write your answers in the spaces provided.
    ______ wavelength
    ______ crest
    ______ amplitude
    ______ trough
    wave diagram with labels a, b, c, d

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
In physics, a wave is defined as a disturbance that transfers energy through a medium (or in vacuum for electromagnetic waves) without the net movement of matter. Option a is wrong as waves don't involve matter movement, option b is about electron transfer (like in electricity, not waves), option d is incorrect as it's not about force fluctuations. So the correct answer is c.
# Answer:
c. A disturbance that carries energy.

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
In longitudinal waves (e.g., sound waves in air), the medium particles vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation. Option a is for transverse waves, option b is incorrect (opposite direction is not how longitudinal waves work), option d is not a standard description. So the correct answer is c.
# Answer:
c. Parallel to the wave.

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
Transverse waves have oscillations perpendicular to the wave direction. Visible light waves (electromagnetic waves) are transverse. Sound (a), ultrasound (b), and slinky waves (longitudinal when pushed/pulled) are longitudinal or have longitudinal components. So the correct answer is d.
# Answer:
d. Visible light waves

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
Wavelength is the distance between two corresponding points (e.g., two crests, two troughs) on a wave. Amplitude is height, frequency is cycles per unit time, speed is distance per unit time. So the correct answer is a.
# Answer:
a. Wavelength

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
Transverse waves like light can travel in vacuum (no medium), while longitudinal waves (like sound) need a medium. So the statement that both need a medium is false. Thus the correct answer is b.
# Answer:
b. False

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
In longitudinal waves, compressions are regions where the medium is compressed (particles are close together), and rarefactions are regions where the medium is spread out (particles are far apart).
# Answer:
compressed; spread out (or rarefied)

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
The relationship between wavelength ($\lambda$), frequency ($f$), and speed ($v$) is $v = f\lambda$. If speed is constant (e.g., in a medium for mechanical waves), as wavelength decreases, frequency increases (since $f=\frac{v}{\lambda}$).
# Answer:
frequency

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
The height of a wave (from rest position to crest or trough) is called amplitude.
# Answer:
amplitude

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
The highest parts of a transverse wave are crests, and the lowest parts are troughs.
# Answer:
crests; troughs

### Question 10
# Explanation:
## Step1: Identify Wavelength
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive crests (or troughs). In the graph, B shows the distance between two crests, so Wavelength matches B.
## Step2: Identify Crest
Crest is the highest point of the wave. A is the highest point, so Crest matches A.
## Step3: Identify Amplitude
Amplitude is the distance from the rest position to the crest (or trough). D is this distance, so Amplitude matches D.
## Step4: Identify Trough
Trough is the lowest point of the wave. C is the lowest point, so Trough matches C.
# Answer:
Wavelength: B
Crest: A
Amplitude: D
Trough: C

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