Question

multiple choice questions: the enligit
\if man in the state of nature is free, and
lord of his own possessions, why will he
give up his freedom? the answer is that
right in the state of nature are constantly
exposed to attack by others. hence each
man joins in society to preserve his life,
liberty, and property. whenever the ruler
endeavors to take away the property of the
people, or reduce them to slavery...they are
removed from any further obedience and
left to...rise up with force and violence.\
~john locke,
the second treatise of
government (1690)

1. the ideas expressed by locke in this

passage helped inspire the
a. theory of divine right
b. american revolution
c. separation of church and state
d. industrial revolution

1. enlightenment thinkers contributed to

changes in relationships between citizens
and governments through their belief that
a. most changes in government are
dangerous
b. absolute monarchy is the most
effective form of government
c. governments are instituted to
protect citizens rights
d. popular liberties should be
limited by the need for social
order

1. the declaration of the rights of man

and of the citizen includes several
enlightenment ideas. which of the following
is not one of the enlightenment ideas
incorporated into the document?
a. citizens should have a voice in
the decisions the government
makes on their behalf
b. people give rights to their
governments to limit their
governments power
c. all citizens possess basic human
rights (ie, freedom of speech)
d. people are incapable of ruling
themselves because they are
inherently disorganized and
chaotic

1. the application of science and reason t

understanding the world resulted in the
1700s being known for the
a. new deal
b. enlightenment
c. progressive movement
d. reformation

Explanation:

• Question 10: Locke's ideas about natural rights and the right to revolt against unjust rulers inspired the American Revolution. The Theory of Divine Right (a) was the opposite of Locke's ideas. Separation of church and state (c) is more related to thinkers like Rousseau in a different context. The Industrial Revolution (d) was about economic and technological change, not political inspiration from Locke.
• Question 11: Enlightenment thinkers believed governments are instituted to protect citizens' rights (c). They did not think most changes in government are dangerous (a), nor did they support absolute monarchy (b). Popular liberties were to be protected, not limited by social order in the sense of restricting them (d).
• Question 12: Enlightenment ideas included citizen participation (a), social contract (b - people giving rights to government to limit its power in a sense of a contract), and basic human rights (c). The idea that people are incapable of ruling themselves because they are inherently disorganized and chaotic (d) is not an Enlightenment idea. Enlightenment thinkers like Rousseau believed in the general will of the people and their ability to be part of a just society.
• Question 13: The application of science and reason to understand the world in the 1700s is known as the Enlightenment (b). The New Deal (a) was in the 20th century. The Progressive Movement (c) was also in the 20th century. The Reformation (d) was in the 16th century.

Answer:

1. B. American Revolution
2. C. Governments are instituted to protect citizens’ rights
3. D. People are incapable of ruling themselves because they are inherently disorganized and chaotic
4. B. Enlightenment