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Question
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read these sentences.
more and more countries are spying not just on their enemies but on nations that are friendly to them as well. if this continues, the world will be filled with countries that isolate themselves, and all nations will be unfriendly to each other.
which logical fallacy do these sentences demonstrate?
○ false cause
○ slippery slope
○ cherry picking
○ genetic fallacy
To solve this, we analyze each fallacy:
Step 1: Understand Each Fallacy
- False cause: Assumes a causal relationship without sufficient evidence (e.g., “A happened, then B happened, so A caused B”).
- Slippery slope: Claims that one action will lead to a chain of increasingly negative consequences without sufficient justification (e.g., “If we do X, then Y will happen, then Z, leading to disaster”).
- Cherry picking: Selectively using evidence that supports a claim while ignoring contradictory evidence.
- Genetic fallacy: Judges an idea by its origin (e.g., “This idea is bad because it came from a bad source”).
Step 2: Analyze the Sentences
The argument claims that if countries spy on friendly nations, the world will “be filled with countries that isolate themselves” and “all nations will be unfriendly.” This assumes a chain of extreme, unproven consequences from one action (spying on friends) — a classic slippery slope structure (predicting a downward spiral of negative outcomes without solid reasoning for the chain).
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slippery slope