Question

modern russia
peter the great and catherine the great: reform and revolution
peter the great and catherine the great, two of russias most influential monarchs,
spearheaded ambitious reforms that transformed the countrys political, social, and
cconomic landscape. their reigns symbolize a period of innovation and upheaval in
russian history.
peter the greats modernization efforts:
peter embarked on a \grand embassy\ tour of western europe to study advancements
in technology and governance.
he centralized power by bringing the orthodox church under state control and
fostering the growth of education and journalism.
peters visionary initiatives, including the establishment of st. petersburg as the new
capital and expansion of trade routes, propelled russia into the modern era.
catherine the greats reign and reforms:
catherines accession to power marked a period of enlightenment and cultural
flourishing in russia.
she championed public education and sought to strengthen russias ties with
european monarchies, often at the expense of the peasants, who grew poorer during
hcr reign and began to revolt.
catherines legacy is mixed, as her reign witnessed both progress and growing
resentment among the lower classes, foreshadowing the challenges of autocratic rule.
how did peter the great propel russia into the modern era?
by limiting access to education and technological advancements
through visionary initiatives like the establishment of st. petersburg as the
new capital
by abolishing trade routes to outside countries through rivers and straights

Explanation:

Peter the Great's modernization efforts included studying Western advancements, centralizing power, fostering education and journalism, and establishing St. Petersburg as the new capital. Limiting access to education and abolishing trade routes would not propel a country into the modern era. Establishing a new capital as a visionary initiative (St. Petersburg) aligns with modernization efforts like better access to trade (as a port city) and a symbol of a new, more modern - looking Russia.

Answer:

through visionary initiatives like the establishment of St. Petersburg as the new capital