Question

match each term with its correct meaning about chromosomes. (2 points) gamete haploid homologous chromosomes diploid a cell that has only one set of chromosomes a sex cell, like sperm or egg, that is haploid. a cell that has two complete sets of chromosomes. matching chromosome pairs, one from each parent, that carry similar genes.

Explanation:

• Gamete: A sex cell, like sperm or egg, that is haploid. Gametes are reproductive cells. In humans, sperm (male gamete) and egg (female gamete) are haploid, meaning they have half the number of chromosomes of a normal body cell.
• Haploid: A cell that has only one set of chromosomes. For example, in humans, haploid cells have \(n = 23\) chromosomes.
• Homologous chromosomes: Matching chromosome pairs, one from each parent, that carry similar genes. Each pair has the same size, shape, and genes (though the alleles of those genes can differ).
• Diploid: A cell that has two complete sets of chromosomes. In humans, diploid cells (like most body cells) have \(2n=46\) chromosomes.

Answer:

• Gamete: A sex cell, like sperm or egg, that is haploid.
• Haploid: A cell that has only one set of chromosomes.
• Homologous chromosomes: Matching chromosome pairs, one from each parent, that carry similar genes.
• Diploid: A cell that has two complete sets of chromosomes.