Question

1. look in the web for alternate names for these points, and how they are called in other types of orbits:

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$$\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|} \\hline type of orbit & name for apoapsis & name for periapsis \\\\ \\hline orbit around the sun & & \\\\ \\hline orbit around the earth & & \\\\ \\hline other interesting orbit? & & \\\\ \\hline \\end{tabular}$$

1. how does the velocity change when the planet is on periapsis versus apoapsis?

Explanation:

Identify specific orbital terminology for different central bodies

• Orbit around the Sun: Apohelion (Apoapsis) and Perihelion (Periapsis).
• Orbit around the Earth: Apogee (Apoapsis) and Perigee (Periapsis).
• Orbit around the Moon (other interesting orbit): Apolune / Aposelene (Apoapsis) and Perilune / Periselene (Periapsis).

Analyze orbital velocity changes at periapsis versus apoapsis

• Kepler's Second Law (conservation of angular momentum): \(v_{\text{periapsis}} \cdot r_{\text{periapsis}} = v_{\text{apoapsis}} \cdot r_{\text{apoapsis}}\).
• Since \(r_{\text{periapsis}} < r_{\text{apoapsis}}\), the velocity is at its maximum at periapsis and at its minimum at apoapsis.

Answer:

Question 2

Type of Orbit	Name for Apoapsis	Name for Periapsis
Orbit around the Earth	Apogee	Perigee
Orbit around the Moon	Apolune / Aposelene	Perilune / Periselene

Question 3

The velocity is at its maximum at periapsis (closest point to the central body) and at its minimum at apoapsis (farthest point from the central body).