Question

how does urbanization impact water resources?
a. decreases the need for water supply
b. improves aquifer recharge
c. increases demand for water and sanitation
d. reduces stormwater runoff
what is the relationship between population growth and water scarcity?
a. lower consumption of water in households
b. increased pressure on water resources
c. enhanced water conservation efforts
d. decreased agricultural demand

Explanation:

First Question (How does urbanization impact water resources?):

Urbanization leads to more people living in urban areas, which increases the need for water supply and sanitation services (like drinking water, sewage systems). Option a is wrong as urbanization increases water need. Option b is wrong because urbanization often reduces aquifer recharge due to impervious surfaces. Option d is wrong as urbanization with more impervious surfaces increases stormwater runoff. So the correct option is c.

As population grows, more people need water for various uses (domestic, agricultural, industrial), putting more pressure on available water resources. Option a is wrong as more people would mean higher household water consumption. Option c is not a direct relationship of population growth causing conservation (conservation is a response, not the direct relationship). Option d is wrong as more people would likely increase agricultural demand. So the correct option is b.

Answer:

c. Increases demand for water and sanitation

Second Question (What is the relationship between population growth and water scarcity?):