Question

how did rousseau differ from voltaire?
○ rousseau was a french philosopher in the 1700s, while voltaire was a french monarch in the 1600s.
○ rousseau was a french monarch in the 1600s, while voltaire was a french philosopher in the 1700s.
○ rousseau argued against inequality among the classes, while voltaire argued for freedom of speech and religion.
○ rousseau argued for freedom of speech and religion, while voltaire argued against inequality among the classes.

Explanation:

• First, eliminate the first two options: both Rousseau and Voltaire were French philosophers in the 1700s (not monarchs, and Voltaire was also in the 1700s, not 1600s).
• Then, recall their ideas: Rousseau's work (like "The Social Contract") focused on critiquing class inequality and advocating for a more egalitarian social order. Voltaire was a strong proponent of freedom of speech and religion, criticizing religious intolerance and censorship. So the third option correctly matches their differing arguments. The fourth option swaps their ideas, so it is incorrect.

Answer:

C. Rousseau argued against inequality among the classes, while Voltaire argued for freedom of speech and religion.