Question

how does a map like this one illustrate the concepts of territoriality and sovereignty?
chapter 11 devolution: challenges to state sovereignty
case study: irredentism in ukraine (p.279)
describe how russia’s annexation of crimea is an example of irredentism.

case study: brexit (p. 287)
what was brexit?
explain how brexit is an example of devolution?

interpret the map on p. 288 and answer the following:
describe how the formation of the german confederation is an example of a centripetal force?

interpret the graphs (p. 293)
study the graph on this page and answer the questions below.
which country in the united kingdom had the highest percentage of voters that wanted to remain in the european union? which had the highest percentage wanting to leave?
what conclusion can you draw from the graph on the relationship between wales and england?
compare voter turnout between northern ireland and the rest of the uk. what conclusions can you draw about the feelings of the people of northern ireland about brexit?

Explanation:

To answer these questions, we analyze each:

1. Territoriality/Sovereignty Map: Maps show state boundaries (sovereignty: exclusive control over territory) and territorial claims (territoriality: defense of territory). For example, national borders on a map visualize where a state’s sovereignty ends/begins, and territorial disputes (like Crimea) show efforts to assert control over land.

1. Irredentism in Crimea: Irredentism is reclaiming territory with ethnic/cultural ties. Russia annexed Crimea (with many ethnic Russians) to “reunite” with a population sharing history/culture, asserting control over territory seen as historically/ethnically Russian.

1. What was Brexit? Brexit is the UK’s 2016 referendum - led withdrawal from the European Union (EU), finalized in 2020, to regain sovereignty over laws, trade, and immigration.

1. Brexit as Devolution: Devolution is power transfer from central to regional governments. Brexit reflected regional differences (e.g., Scotland/Wales wanted to stay in EU, England/Northern Ireland more split). The UK government’s decision to leave (central power) clashed with regional preferences, leading to calls for more regional autonomy (e.g., Scottish independence debates), showing devolution pressures.

1. German Confederation as Centripetal Force: Centripetal forces unify a state. The German Confederation (pre - German unification) brought small states together under a loose alliance, fostering shared identity, economic ties, and political cooperation, reducing fragmentation and unifying German - speaking regions.

1. UK EU Voter Graphs:

• Highest “Remain”: Likely Scotland (strong pro - EU sentiment).
• Highest “Leave”: Likely England (especially regions like the Midlands/North with Eurosceptic views).
• Wales - England Relationship: Similar voting trends (e.g., both had significant Leave support) but Wales had slightly more Remain, showing shared but nuanced regional attitudes.
• Northern Ireland Voter Turnout: If turnout was lower, it might reflect ambivalence (Northern Ireland’s peace depends on EU/UK ties, so voters were conflicted; lower turnout = less engagement or division).

Answer:

(Answers vary by sub - question, e.g., for “What was Brexit?”: Brexit is the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union, following a 2016 referendum where a majority of UK voters supported leaving, finalized in 2020 to regain sovereignty over domestic policies, trade, and immigration.)