Question

homeostatic imbalance 3 2
the property of selective permeability is typical only of healthy, unharmed cells. when a cell dies or is badly damaged, its (1 ) membrane can no longer be selective and becomes permeable to nearly everything. we see this problem when someone has been severely burned. precious fluids, proteins, and ions “weep” (leak out) from the dead and damaged cells at the burn site. substances move through the plasma membrane in basically two ways—passively or actively. in passive processes, substances are transported across the (2 ) without any energy input from the cell. in active processes, the cell provides the metabolic energy (atp) that drives the transport process.
passive processes: diffusion and filtration
diffusion (di - fuzhun) is an important means of passive membrane transport for every cell of the body. the other passive transport process, filtration, generally occurs only across (3 ) walls. lets examine how these two types of passive transport differ. diffusion: diffusion is the process by which molecules (and ions) move away from areas where they are more concentrated (more numerous) to areas where they are less concentrated (with fewer of them). all molecules possess (4 ) energy, or energy of motion (as described in chapter 2), and as the molecules move about randomly at high speeds, they collide and change direction with each collision. the overall effect of this erratic movement is that molecules move down their concentration gradient (spread out). the greater the difference in concentration between the two areas, the faster diffusion occurs. because the driving force (source of energy) is the kinetic energy of the molecules themselves, the speed of (5 ) is affected by the size of the molecules (the smaller the faster) and temperature (the warmer the faster).
1 diffusion 2 plasma 3 membrane 4 capillary 5 kinetic
1 membrane 2 capillary 3 kinetic 4 diffusion 5 plasma
1 plasma 2 membrane 3 capillary 4 kinetic 5 diffusion
1 kinetic 2 diffusion 3 plasma 4 membrane 5 capillary
1 capillary 2 kinetic 3 diffusion 4 plasma 5 membrane

Explanation:

1. When a cell is damaged, its plasma membrane loses selectivity. So (1) is plasma.
2. In passive processes, substances are transported across the plasma membrane without energy input. So (2) is plasma.
3. Filtration generally occurs across capillary walls. So (3) is capillary.
4. All molecules possess kinetic energy. So (4) is kinetic.
5. The speed of diffusion is affected by molecule - size and temperature. So (5) is diffusion.

Answer:

1. plasma
2. plasma
3. capillary
4. kinetic
5. diffusion