Question

1
henry was demoted from his job title as a result of poor work performance. this is an example of:
secondary deviance
differential justice
formal social control
informal social control
2
multiple choice 1 point
a hate crime is distinguished from other crimes by:
the location where the crime occurs
the victims behavior inciting violence
the relationship between the victim and the offender
the offenders motivation based on prejudice
3
multiple choice 1 point
which of the following is a primary challenge in accurately measuring crime rates through police reports?
the lack of interest in crime statistics among the public.
the high rate of false reporting by victims.
the consistent definition of crimes across different jurisdictions.
the underreporting of crimes by law enforcement agencies.

Explanation:

1. Formal social control involves official, organized sanctions like demotion in a workplace (an official setting). Secondary deviance is about deviant identity formation, differential justice is about unequal treatment in justice, and informal social control is non - official (like peer pressure).
2. A hate crime is defined by the offender’s motivation based on prejudice (e.g., against race, religion). Location, victim’s behavior, or relationship are not the distinguishing factors.
3. Underreporting of crimes by law enforcement agencies is a primary challenge. Public interest is not the main issue, false reporting by victims is less common than underreporting, and inconsistent (not consistent) definitions across jurisdictions are a problem.

Answer:

1. formal social control
2. The offender’s motivation based on prejudice
3. The underreporting of crimes by law enforcement agencies