Question

government. many immigrants, however, did not want to abandon their ethnic traditions. over time, ethnic communities began to affect american culture. a new american culture began to develop in diverse american cities. this led to new movements in the arts. immigrants were not the only people who settled in the cities. on the nation’s farms, new machines replaced workers. as a result, many workers in the rural areas lost their jobs. unemployed farm workers soon moved to cities to find jobs. many of the southern farmers who lost their jobs were african americans. between 1890 and 1910 about 200,000 african americans moved from the south to cities in the north. they hoped to escape economic hardship and racial violence. however, many found prejudice and low wages in the north. 1. name two groups that settled in the cities. urban problems what problems did city dwellers face? city populations grew rapidly, which created problems. one problem was a housing shortage. new housing types let many people live in a small amount of space. one type was the row house, a single - family dwelling that shared side walls with other similar houses. another housing type was tenements, multifamily urban houses that were often overcrowded and unsanitary. this led some cities to pass laws to improve slum conditions. in many cities, residents were not only divided along ethnic and racial lines but also along class lines. this social stratification, or organization of people into social classes by wealth, resulted in neighborhoods that could be identified as poor, working - class, or wealthy. cities also had transportation challenges. so they developed mass transit. these transportation systems moved large numbers of people along fixed routes. streetcars and subways were used in some cities. supplying safe drinking water was also an issue. new york and cleveland built public waterworks, but other city residents were still left without convenient water and had to get their water from street faucets. over time, filtration and chlorination made water safer. with no dependable garbage collection, people left garbage on the streets, so sanitation was a problem. sewage flowed in the streets. by 1900 many cities solved these problems by building sewers and creating sanitation departments. crime led to full - time professional police departments in some cities. the same was true for fire departments since fire hazards were an issue. wooden buildings were replaced with brick, stone, or concrete. 2. name two problems that city residents faced. reformers mobilize how did reformers help the poor? a number of social reformers worked to improve life in the cities. one early reform program was the social gospel movement. leaders of this movement preached that people earned salvation

Explanation:

1. The text mentions immigrants and unemployed farm - workers as two groups that settled in the cities. Immigrants did not want to abandon their ethnic traditions and unemployed farm - workers moved to cities to find jobs.
2. City residents faced problems such as lack of safe drinking water (many had to get water from street faucets) and sanitation issues (garbage left on streets, sewage flowing in streets).

Answer:

1. Immigrants, unemployed farm - workers
2. Lack of safe drinking water, sanitation issues