Question

functional characteristics of the cell
select the correct word from each dropdown menu to complete these sentences.

1. chemical signal molecules called growth factors are (click to select) and packaged in small, membrane compartments called (click to select) .
2. these compartments are fused with the plasma membrane in the process of (click to select) , causing the release of the growth factors into the (click to select) surrounding the cell.
3. growth factors may be used for long-distance (click to select) , being carried in the blood to cells located in a very different part of the body to trigger cell reproduction.
4. the growth factors bind membrane-bound (click to select) on the cell surface, triggering intracellular responses that lead to cell reproduction.
5. cellular replication requires the duplication of an entire cell with a full complement of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids that will include genetic instructions in the form of (click to select) .
6. this requires the (click to select) of enormous numbers of molecules, an activity that uses energy to make bonds between atoms.

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each sentence based on cell biology concepts:

1.

Growth factors are synthesized (produced) and packaged in vesicles (small membrane compartments).

2.

Vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane via exocytosis (process of releasing substances from the cell), releasing growth factors into the extracellular fluid (fluid outside the cell).

3.

Long - distance signaling where molecules are carried in the blood is endocrine signaling (hormonal signaling, a type of long - distance cell communication).

4.

Growth factors bind to receptors (membrane - bound proteins that detect signaling molecules) on the cell surface.

5.

Genetic instructions in cells are in the form of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information).

6.

To make new molecules (for cell replication), we need synthesis (the process of building molecules, which requires energy to form bonds).

Final Answers (filled in order):

1. synthesized; vesicles
2. exocytosis; extracellular fluid
3. endocrine signaling
4. receptors
5. DNA
6. synthesis

Answer:

To solve this, we analyze each sentence based on cell biology concepts:

1.

Growth factors are synthesized (produced) and packaged in vesicles (small membrane compartments).

2.

Vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane via exocytosis (process of releasing substances from the cell), releasing growth factors into the extracellular fluid (fluid outside the cell).

3.

Long - distance signaling where molecules are carried in the blood is endocrine signaling (hormonal signaling, a type of long - distance cell communication).

4.

Growth factors bind to receptors (membrane - bound proteins that detect signaling molecules) on the cell surface.

5.

Genetic instructions in cells are in the form of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information).

6.

To make new molecules (for cell replication), we need synthesis (the process of building molecules, which requires energy to form bonds).

Final Answers (filled in order):

1. synthesized; vesicles
2. exocytosis; extracellular fluid
3. endocrine signaling
4. receptors
5. DNA
6. synthesis