Question

the following is the abstract from the study used previously from the lesson. use it to answer the following question.

ecent studies have linked patient misunderstanding of label instructions for as needed (prn) medications to dosing errors. this study conducted a preliminary field test of patient - centered prn label instructions. patients participated in a
hypothetical dosing experiment and were randomized to a patient - centered label (referred to as “take - wait - stop”) or standard label. participants were asked to demonstrate dosing the medicine over 24 hours. three types of independent dosing
errors were measured:

• (a) taking more than two pills at one time,
• (b) exceeding the maximum daily dose, and
• (c) waiting fewer than 4 hours between doses.

generalized linear models were used to assess the association between label type, health literacy, and sociodemographic characteristics. participants’ mean age was 39.8 years, 62.1% were female, 43.7% were white, and 73.4% had adequate
literacy. of participants, 31.8% who were shown the standard label demonstrated taking in excess of 6 pills in 24 hours compared with only 14.1% of participants who were shown the take - wait - stop label (p <.05). overall, only 1 person
demonstrated he would take more than 2 pills in a single dose. of the standard label group, 20.5% demonstrated dosing intervals of fewer than 4 hours compared with 23.1% of the take - wait - stop label group (p =.75). in a multivariate model,
participants who were exposed to the standard label were 2.5 times more likely to exceed the recommended maximum daily dose (95% ci 1.05, 7.70, p =.03). the take - wait - stop label was beneficial in preventing participants from exceeding the
maximum dose in 24 hours, although it did not significantly reduce other dosing errors.\
which of the following statements is true about the study?
(1 point)

• the take - wait - stop label significantly reduced all the tested dosing errors.
• the take - wait - stop label significantly increased the tested dosing errors.
• the take - wait - stop label did not significantly reduce any of the tested dosing errors.
• the take - wait - stop label significantly reduced some kinds of the tested dosing errors.

Explanation:

To determine the correct statement, we analyze the study's findings:

• The study states the "Take - Wait - Stop" label was beneficial in preventing exceeding the maximum daily dose (a dosing error) but "did not significantly reduce other dosing errors". So it reduced some (not all) of the tested dosing errors.
• Option 1 is wrong as it didn't reduce all errors.
• Option 2 is wrong as it reduced at least one error (exceeding max daily dose), not increased errors.
• Option 3 is wrong as it did reduce at least one error (exceeding max daily dose).
• Option 4 matches the finding that it significantly reduced some (exceeding max daily dose) of the tested dosing errors.

Answer:

The Take - Wait - Stop label significantly reduced some kinds of the tested dosing errors.