Question

(a) first choose whether the procedure described above is an observational study or a designed experiment. then further categorize the procedure by choosing the correct type of observational study or designed experiment. observational study designed experiment prospective double - blind retrospective completely randomized (b) which one of the following best describes the explanatory (independent) and response (dependent) variables? the explanatory variable is the taste score and the response variable is the vanilla status. the explanatory variable is the vanilla status and the response variable is the cup color. the explanatory variable is the vanilla status and the response variable is the taste score. the explanatory variable is the cup color and the response variable is the taste score.

Explanation:

(a) A designed experiment involves manipulating variables to observe effects. Here, vanilla status (added or not) is manipulated, so it's a designed experiment.
(b) Explanatory variables are manipulated to explain changes in response variables. Vanilla status is manipulated, and taste score is the measured response.

Answer:

(a) Designed experiment
(b) The explanatory variable is the vanilla status and the response variable is the taste score.