Question

fill in the blank question
using a spring balance to accelerate a test mass with a constant

is an investigation involving

mass.
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Explanation:

The sentence describes an experiment using a spring balance (which measures force) to accelerate a mass. Newton's second law ($F=ma$) links force, mass, and acceleration. A common investigation is applying constant force to observe acceleration, or varying mass with constant force. The first blank likely refers to the variable controlled (force), and the second to the relationship (inertial mass, as mass resists acceleration).

Answer:

force; inertial