Question

evolution review worksheet

1. ____a freak accident (natural disaster) wipes out part of the

population.

1. ____a trait caused by the genes of an organism. cannot change over

the organisms lifetime.

1. ____an adjustment an organism makes to better deal with its

environment. occurs in the organisms lifetime.

1. ____changes in an organisms dna
2. ____a diagram showing the evolutionary relationships between

organisms.

1. ____organisms that are better adapted to their environment survive

and reproduce.

1. ____structure that comes from a common ancestor
2. ____two structures that look similar but do not come from a common ancestor.
3. ____when new organisms come into or out of a population.
4. ____when one species rapidly changes into many different species
5. ____when one species splits into two different species
6. ____when several individuals from a population break off and form their own new population.
7. ____when two species (that are not closely related) start to look similar over time
8. ____the bats of wings, the flippers of whales, and the arms of

humans all have the same bone structure because they came from a
common ancestor.

1. ____there is a population of squirrels that live in the forest. one day,

a few of the squirrels decide to leave the forest and go live in the prairie
a few miles away.

1. ____a hurricane wipes out many individuals in a population of coral

off the coast of mexico.

1. ____the cichlid fishes of malawi rapidly changed into many new

species that each has a specialized mouth for eating different types of
food.

1. ____there are two populations of wild horses: one that has mostly white horses and one that has mostly

brown horses. one day, a white horse wanders off and decides to join the brown horse population, adding the
white horse gene to the brown horse population.

1. ____insects and bats did not come from a common ancestor, but over time they both developed wings.
2. ____there are tan mice and white mice that live in the desert. the white mice are more easily seen by snakes

over time, the tan mice become more prevalent because they survive and reproduce.

1. ____because it is colder during the winter, the bears that live up north grow thicker fur to protect them from

the freezing temperatures.

Explanation:

1. A freak accident (natural disaster) wiping out part of the population is the Bottleneck Effect (e).
2. A trait caused by genes that can't change in an organism's lifetime is a Gene (h).
3. An adjustment made by an organism to its environment during its lifetime is Acclimation (a).
4. Changes in an organism's DNA are Mutations (l).
5. A diagram showing evolutionary relationships is a Cladogram (f).
6. Organisms better adapted surviving and reproducing is Natural Selection (m).
7. Structure from a common ancestor is Homologous (k).
8. Structures that look similar but no common ancestor are Analogous (d).
9. New organisms entering or leaving a population is Gene Flow (i).
10. One species becoming many is Adaptive Radiation (c).
11. One species splitting into two is Divergent Evolution (h).
12. Individuals breaking off to form a new population is Founder Effect (i).
13. Unrelated species looking similar is Convergent Evolution (g).
14. Same bone structure from a common ancestor is Homologous Structures (u).
15. Squirrels leaving to a new area (Gene Flow - i if we consider movement as gene flow, but if it's about founding a new population it could be Founder Effect - i. Assuming it's about movement of individuals affecting gene pool - Gene Flow (t)).
16. Hurricane wiping out population (Bottleneck Effect - r).
17. Cichlid fish changing into many new species (Adaptive Radiation - p).
18. Horse moving between populations (Gene Flow - t).
19. Insects and bats (Analogous Structures - q as they have wings (analogous trait) from different origins).
20. Tan mice surviving (Natural Selection - v).
21. Bears growing thicker fur (Acclimation - n as it's a short - term (lifetime) adjustment to cold).

Answer:

1. e. Bottleneck Effect
2. h. Gene
3. a. Acclimation
4. l. Mutation
5. f. Cladogram
6. m. Natural Selection
7. k. Homologous
8. d. Analogous
9. i. Gene Flow
10. c. Adaptive Radiation
11. h. Divergent Evolution
12. i. Founder Effect
13. g. Convergent Evolution
14. u. Homologous Structures
15. t. Gene Flow
16. r. Bottleneck Effect
17. p. Adaptive Radiation
18. t. Gene Flow
19. q. Analogous Structures
20. v. Natural Selection
21. n. Acclimation