Question

the estimated arms effect indicates a 17-percent increase in yields for herbicide-tolerant cotton adopters nationwide. in some regions, herbicide-tolerant cotton yields may have been lower than for conventional varieties. in particular, farmers in the mississippi portal encountered serious and unexpected problems with their herbicide-tolerant cotton during the 1997 growing season (virginia cooperative extension). some growers found deformed bolls and bolls that dropped off the plants. about 90 percent of the region’s herbicide-tolerant cotton was affected. however, the problems may have
which statement paraphrases the evidence from this source?
○ genomically modified varieties yielded 17% less cotton than natural cotton.
○ one study found a 17% increase in cotton yields using a genetically modified variety.
○ the arms effect indicates a 17% increase in cotton yields for herbicide-tolerant cotton.
this information appears on page 15 of the source. which citation format is correct?
(price 15)
(price et al. 15)
(price and lin et al. 15)
(price, lin, falck-zepeda et al. 15)

Explanation:

• For the first part (paraphrasing evidence):
• The original text says "The estimated ARMS effect indicates a 17 - percent increase in yields for herbicide - tolerant cotton adopters nationwide".
• Option 2 "One study found a 17% increase in cotton yields using a genetically modified variety" is a good paraphrase as herbicide - tolerant cotton is a type of genetically modified cotton. Option 1 is wrong as it says "yielded 17% less" which is opposite. Option 3 just repeats the original text's "ARMS effect" without proper paraphrasing.
• For the second part (citation format):
• In APA style (assuming a common academic citation style), if the author is Price (and if it's a single - author source), the correct in - text citation is (Price, 15). But if it's a multi - author source where Price is the first author, the format is (Price et al., 15). Since the options are given, and if we assume it's a single - author (as "Price" is the main name in the options and no other authors are clearly indicated in the problem - related text), (Price 15) is incorrect (missing a comma), (Price and Lin et al. 15) is incorrect (mixing single and multi - author format wrongly), (Price, Lin, Falck - Zepeda et al. 15) is also incorrect. The most likely correct one (assuming proper APA - like single - author with page number) among the given options is (Price et al. 15) if we consider it's a multi - author source where "et al." is used correctly (even though the problem text doesn't mention other authors clearly, but it's the best fit among the options).

Answer:

• For the paraphrasing question: B. One study found a 17% increase in cotton yields using a genetically modified variety.
• For the citation question: (Price et al. 15)