Question

engineers developing low - energy emergency lighting systems have taken inspiration from jellyfish, whose bioluminescence provides a model for efficient, self - sustaining illumination. at the core of this natural glow is green fluorescent protein (gfp), a molecule that emits visible light when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. by analyzing the structure of gfp, researchers designed a synthetic chromophore and embedded it in a nanomaterial matrix engineered to mimic the jellyfishs light - scattering tissue. this nanomaterial not only amplifies the emitted light but also diffuses it evenly across the surface, replicating the soft, ambient glow characteristic of bioluminescent organisms.
10 □ mark for review
which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
a the text outlines several applications of a natural protein, then focuses on one of those application in detail, and finally proposes a new use for it that incorporates the protein in a specific device.
b the text presents a case of scientists taking inspiration from a natural phenomenon, questions its usefulness in applied engineering, and concludes with a critique of current bio - inspired methods.
c the text mentions a real - world engineering situation, describes the natural system that has served as a design model, and then explains how that model was replicated in nanomaterials for a similar effect.
d the text compares different types of lighting systems, shifts to a discussion of biological proteins and their limitations in commercial settings, and explains the mechanism employed by a synthetic material.

Explanation:

• Option A: The text does not outline several applications of GFP or propose a new use at the end, so A is incorrect.
• Option B: The text does not question the usefulness of the natural phenomenon in engineering or critique bio - inspired methods, so B is wrong.
• Option C: The text first mentions engineers developing low - energy emergency lighting (real - world engineering situation), then describes the jellyfish's bioluminescence (natural system as design model), and finally explains how the model was replicated in nanomaterials (mimicking the light - scattering tissue) to get a similar glow effect. This matches the structure described in C.
• Option D: The text does not compare different types of lighting systems or discuss limitations of biological proteins in commercial settings, so D is incorrect.

Answer:

C. The text mentions a real - world engineering situation, describes the natural system that has served as a design model, and then explains how that model was replicated in nanomaterials for a similar effect.