Question

each of the sentences on the left explains part of an experiment in which temperature plays a role. classify the sentences based on whether temperature is an independent, dependent, or standardized variable. labels (1) drop zones reset all independent (1/3) dependent (2/3) standardized (3/3) labels: you measure the heart rate of a lizard as its body temperature changes. you determine the effect of temperature on the honey production of bees. you measure the freezing point of water in the presence of various amounts of salt. you measure the boiling point of water at various altitudes. you measure the change in activity of an insect due to light intensity changes.

Explanation:

To solve this, we first recall the definitions:

• Independent Variable: The variable the experimenter changes (manipulates) to observe its effect.
• Dependent Variable: The variable that depends on the independent variable (measured/observed).
• Standardized Variable: Variables kept constant to ensure a fair test (control variables).

Step 1: Identify Independent Variables (1/3)

These are the variables the experimenter changes:

• “You determine the effect of temperature on the honey production of bees.” → Temperature (changed to observe effect on honey production).
• “You measure the freezing point of water in the presence of various amounts of salt.” → Amounts of salt (changed to observe effect on freezing point).
• “You measure the boiling point of water at various altitudes.” → Altitudes (changed to observe effect on boiling point).

Step 2: Identify Dependent Variables (2/3)

These are the variables measured (depend on the independent variable):

• “You measure the heart rate of a lizard as its body temperature changes.” → Heart rate (depends on body temperature).
• “You measure the change in activity of an insect due to light intensity changes.” → Activity of insect (depends on light intensity).
• From the independent examples: Honey production (depends on temperature), Freezing point (depends on salt), Boiling point (depends on altitude).

Step 3: Identify Standardized Variables (3/3)

These are variables kept constant (not changed) to ensure validity:

• In the “honey production” experiment: Bee species, hive conditions, etc. (kept constant to isolate temperature’s effect).
• In the “freezing point” experiment: Volume of water, container, etc. (kept constant to isolate salt’s effect).
• In the “boiling point” experiment: Volume of water, heat source, etc. (kept constant to isolate altitude’s effect).

Final Classification (Example Drop):

• Independent (1/3):
• You determine the effect of temperature on the honey production of bees.
• You measure the freezing point of water in the presence of various amounts of salt.
• You measure the boiling point of water at various altitudes.

• Dependent (2/3):
• You measure the heart rate of a lizard as its body temperature changes.
• You measure the change in activity of an insect due to light intensity changes.
• (Honey production, Freezing point, Boiling point from above also fit here.)

• Standardized (3/3):
• Variables like “type of bee,” “volume of water,” “heat source” (implied constants in each experiment to control for other factors).

(Note: The exact labels depend on matching the 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 counts. Ensure 1 independent, 2 dependent, 3 standardized (or vice versa based on the problem’s 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 split).)

Answer:

To solve this, we first recall the definitions:

• Independent Variable: The variable the experimenter changes (manipulates) to observe its effect.
• Dependent Variable: The variable that depends on the independent variable (measured/observed).
• Standardized Variable: Variables kept constant to ensure a fair test (control variables).

Step 1: Identify Independent Variables (1/3)

These are the variables the experimenter changes:

• “You determine the effect of temperature on the honey production of bees.” → Temperature (changed to observe effect on honey production).
• “You measure the freezing point of water in the presence of various amounts of salt.” → Amounts of salt (changed to observe effect on freezing point).
• “You measure the boiling point of water at various altitudes.” → Altitudes (changed to observe effect on boiling point).

Step 2: Identify Dependent Variables (2/3)

These are the variables measured (depend on the independent variable):

• “You measure the heart rate of a lizard as its body temperature changes.” → Heart rate (depends on body temperature).
• “You measure the change in activity of an insect due to light intensity changes.” → Activity of insect (depends on light intensity).
• From the independent examples: Honey production (depends on temperature), Freezing point (depends on salt), Boiling point (depends on altitude).

Step 3: Identify Standardized Variables (3/3)

These are variables kept constant (not changed) to ensure validity:

• In the “honey production” experiment: Bee species, hive conditions, etc. (kept constant to isolate temperature’s effect).
• In the “freezing point” experiment: Volume of water, container, etc. (kept constant to isolate salt’s effect).
• In the “boiling point” experiment: Volume of water, heat source, etc. (kept constant to isolate altitude’s effect).

Final Classification (Example Drop):

• Independent (1/3):
• You determine the effect of temperature on the honey production of bees.
• You measure the freezing point of water in the presence of various amounts of salt.
• You measure the boiling point of water at various altitudes.

• Dependent (2/3):
• You measure the heart rate of a lizard as its body temperature changes.
• You measure the change in activity of an insect due to light intensity changes.
• (Honey production, Freezing point, Boiling point from above also fit here.)

• Standardized (3/3):
• Variables like “type of bee,” “volume of water,” “heat source” (implied constants in each experiment to control for other factors).

(Note: The exact labels depend on matching the 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 counts. Ensure 1 independent, 2 dependent, 3 standardized (or vice versa based on the problem’s 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 split).)