Question

each court system has some areas of exclusive jurisdiction, meaning only they are allowed to hear certain cases. the courts also have concurrent, meaning shared, jurisdictions, so that a case can be heard in either federal or state court. look at the diagram showing jurisdictions of federal and state courts. then follow the instructions below. venn diagram with exclusive federal, concurrent, and exclusive state sections, each listing case types select which system or systems a case could be heard in. | case | federal court | state court | | --- | --- | --- | | a man in rhode island sues his employer, claiming he was wrongfully fired because of his religion, in violation of his constitutional rights. | | | | a man in indiana is given a ticket for violating indiana’s distracted driving law. | | | | a man in texas sues a company headquartered in oklahoma for $1,000. | | | | a california - based construction company declares bankruptcy. | | | | a woman in minnesota sues a company headquartered in north dakota for $100,000. | | |

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze the first case

The case involves a claim of wrongful termination due to religion, violating constitutional rights. From the Venn diagram, "Cases involving federal law or the U.S. Constitution" are in the concurrent jurisdiction. So both federal and state courts can hear it.

Step2: Analyze the second case

A ticket for violating Indiana's distracted driving law. The "Exclusive state" jurisdiction includes "Crimes violating state laws", so only state court.

Step3: Analyze the third case

A man in Texas sues a company in Oklahoma for $1,000. The concurrent jurisdiction requires claims above $75,000 for different - state parties. Since $1,000 < $75,000, and it's a civil case, state court (as it doesn't meet concurrent criteria and is a state - level civil claim).

Step4: Analyze the fourth case

A California - based company declares bankruptcy. "Bankruptcy law" is in "Exclusive federal" jurisdiction, so only federal court.

Step5: Analyze the fifth case

A woman in Minnesota sues a company in North Dakota for $100,000. The concurrent jurisdiction has "Claims above $75,000 that involve parties from different states". Since $100,000 > $75,000 and parties are from different states, both federal and state courts (concurrent jurisdiction).

Answer:

1. A man in Rhode Island sues his employer, claiming he was wrongfully fired because of his religion, in violation of his constitutional rights: Federal court (☑), State court (☑)
2. A man in Indiana is given a ticket for violating Indiana's distracted driving law: Federal court (□), State court (☑)
3. A man in Texas sues a company headquartered in Oklahoma for $1,000: Federal court (□), State court (☑)
4. A California - based construction company declares bankruptcy: Federal court (☑), State court (□)
5. A woman in Minnesota sues a company headquartered in North Dakota for $100,000: Federal court (☑), State court (☑)