Question

dynamic equilibrium
the dynamic equilibrium receptors, found in the (1. ) canals, respond to angular or rotational movements of the head rather than to straight - line movements. when you twirl on the dance floor or suffer through a spinning carnival ride, these receptors are working overtime. the semicircular canals (each about ½ inch, or 1.3 cm, around) are oriented in the three planes of space. thus, regardless of which plane you move in, there will be receptors to detect the movement.
within the ampullae, swollen regions at the base of each (2. ) semicircular canal (figure 8.13a, p. 294), are multiple receptor regions, each called a crista ampullaris (kristah ampu - laris), or simply crista, which consists of a tuft of hair cells covered with a gelatinous cap called the cupula (kupu - lah) (figure 8.13b). when your head moves in an arclike or angular direction, the (3. ) in the canal lags behind the movement (figure 8.13c). then, as the cupula drags against the stationary endolymph, the cupula bends—like a divers fins in water—with the bodys motion. this stimulates the hair cells, and impulses are transmitted up the vestibular nerve to the cerebellum. bending the cupula in the opposite direction reduces impulse generation. when you are moving at a constant rate, the (4. ) gradually stop sending impulses, and you no longer have the sensation of motion until your speed or direction of movement changes.
although the receptors of the semicircular canals and vestibule are responsible for dynamic and static equilibrium, respectively, they usually act together. besides these equilibrium senses, sight and the proprioceptors of the muscles and tendons are also important in providing the (5. ) with information used to control balance.
○ 1. endolymph 2. receptors 3. cerebellum 4. semicircular 5 membranous
○ 1. receptors 2. cerebellum 3. semicircular 4. membranous 5. endolymph
○ 1. semicircular 2 membranous 3 endolymph 4. receptors 5. cerebellum
○ 1 membranous 2. endolymph 3 receptors 4. cerebellum 5. semicircular
○ 1. cerebellum 2. semicircular 3. membranous 4. endolymph 5 receptors

Explanation:

• 1. semicircular: The dynamic equilibrium receptors are in the semicircular canals as stated in the text.
• 2. membranous: The ampullae are at the base of each membranous semicircular canal (a known anatomical fact).
• 3. endolymph: When the head moves, the endolymph in the canal lags (as per the described mechanism).
• 4. receptors: When moving at a constant rate, the receptors stop sending impulses (from the text description).
• 5. cerebellum: Sight, proprioceptors, and the equilibrium senses provide the cerebellum with balance - controlling information (from the text).

Answer:

1. semicircular 2. membranous 3. endolymph 4. receptors 5. cerebellum