Question

directions: read each item carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. in what way were the crusades considered successful?

a. they reopened trade with the middle east during the fourteenth century.
b. they permanently reclaimed the holy land for the catholic church.
c. they allowed the exchange of ideas and learning with the mali
d. they united all of europe as the holy roman empire.

1. what was true about feudalism?

a. people were born into a social class.
b. church officials had little power and no land.
c. people often moved into higher social classes.
d. barons were at the top of the social hierarchy.

1. which of the following accurately describes the middle ages?

a. the two centuries following charlemagnes crowning
b. the time during the wars between the french monarch and germanic tribes
c. the time period following the fall of rome
d. the time of economic growth due to increased agricultural production
... (partially visible: families such as the medici help spread renaissance ideas?)

Explanation:

Question 1

• Option a: The Crusades led to increased trade with the Middle East, reopening trade routes (though not just 14th century, but this is the most accurate among options).
• Option b: The Holy Land was not permanently reclaimed.
• Option c: Mali is in Africa, unrelated to Crusades' Middle East focus.
• Option d: The Holy Roman Empire existed before and wasn't united by Crusades.

• Option a: Feudalism had a rigid social structure where people were born into their class (nobility, clergy, peasants/serfs).
• Option b: Church officials had power and land.
• Option c: Social mobility was rare in feudalism.
• Option d: Kings (not barons) were at the top of the hierarchy.

• Option a: Middle Ages lasted longer than two centuries after Charlemagne.
• Option b: Middle Ages wasn't defined by French - Germanic wars.
• Option c: The Middle Ages began after the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 CE) and lasted to around 1500 CE.
• Option d: The Middle Ages had periods of economic stagnation; economic growth with agriculture was more in later periods or other contexts.

Answer:

a. They reopened trade with the Middle East during the fourteenth century.

Question 2