Question

differentiate between prokaryote and eukaryote cells and name the parts of each.

1. eukaryotes contain _____, while _____ do not.
2. bacteria cells are examples of _____. plant cells are examples of _____
3. identify the parts of the cell from a diagram or description. be able to explain the function of each cell part.

name the parts labeled a – i on cell i and j – o on cell ii, and provide a brief description of the function of each part.

cell type: ____________ cell type: ____________

organelle	function	organelle	function
b.		k.
c.		l.
d		m.
e.		n.
f.		o.
g.
h.
i.

Explanation:

Cell Type I (Left Diagram):

• Visual Check: The cell has a round shape, no cell wall (only a cell membrane), and contains organelles like centrioles (B), and lacks a large central vacuole or chloroplasts. These are characteristic features of an Animal Cell (eukaryotic, as it has a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles).

Cell Type II (Right Diagram):

• Visual Check: The cell has a rigid cell wall (visible around the cell), a large central vacuole (L), and chloroplasts (O). These are characteristic features of a Plant Cell (eukaryotic, with a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles, plus plant - specific structures like cell wall, chloroplasts, and large vacuole).

Organelle Identification and Function (General Guide, assuming standard eukaryotic cell organelles):

For Cell I (Animal Cell):

• A (Cell Membrane): Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
• B (Centriole): Involved in cell division (formation of spindle fibers).
• C (Golgi Apparatus): Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
• D (Nucleus): Contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities.
• E (Nuclear Membrane): Surrounds the nucleus, controlling the movement of substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
• F (Cytoplasm): Gel - like substance where organelles are suspended; site of many cellular reactions.
• G (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum): Involved in protein synthesis (has ribosomes on its surface).
• H (Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum): Synthesizes lipids and detoxifies substances.
• I (Mitochondrion): Produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

For Cell II (Plant Cell):

• J (Cell Membrane): Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell (inside the cell wall).
• K (Nucleus): Contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities.
• L (Large Central Vacuole): Stores water, nutrients, and waste; provides turgor pressure to the cell.
• M (Golgi Apparatus): Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
• N (Mitochondrion): Produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.
• O (Chloroplast): Site of photosynthesis, where light energy is converted to chemical energy (glucose).

Answer:

Cell Type I: Animal Cell

Cell Type II: Plant Cell

Organelle - Function Table (Sample, based on standard organelles and labels):

Organelle (Cell I)	Function	Organelle (Cell II)	Function
B. Centriole	Aids in cell division	K. Nucleus	Controls cell activities, stores DNA
C. Golgi Apparatus	Modifies/packages proteins/lipids	L. Large Central Vacuole	Stores water, nutrients, provides turgor
D. Nucleus	Controls cell, stores DNA	M. Golgi Apparatus	Modifies/packages proteins/lipids
E. Nuclear Membrane	Regulates nucleus - cytoplasm transport	N. Mitochondrion	Produces ATP (energy)
F. Cytoplasm	Site of cellular reactions	O. Chloroplast	Performs photosynthesis
G. Rough ER	Synthesizes proteins	-	-
H. Smooth ER	Synthesizes lipids, detoxifies	-	-
I. Mitochondrion	Produces ATP (energy)	-	-