Question

describe the energy and motion of particles in a gas. question 4 what state of matter has particles with the highest energy? question 5 how can you increase the kinetic energy of the particles in a substance?

Explanation:

• For the first question: According to the kinetic - molecular theory of matter, gas particles have high kinetic energy. They move freely and randomly in all directions at high speeds.
• For the second question: Among the three common states of matter (solid, liquid, gas), gas particles have the highest energy. This is because in the gas state, particles are not closely packed like in solids and liquids, and they have more freedom of movement which is associated with higher kinetic energy.
• For the third question: Kinetic energy of particles in a substance is related to temperature. The formula for average kinetic energy of particles (\(\bar{K}\)) is \(\bar{K}=\frac{3}{2}kT\) (where \(k\) is the Boltzmann constant and \(T\) is the temperature in Kelvin). As temperature (\(T\)) increases, the average kinetic energy of the particles increases.

Answer:

• Question 1: Gas particles have high kinetic energy. They move freely and randomly in all directions at high speeds.
• Question 2: Gas.
• Question 3: By increasing the temperature of the substance.