Question

does the correlation in the situation illustrate causation? the number of points earned on a test increases as the number of hours spent studying increases. a) no, an increase in the number of hours spent studying likely does not cause the number of points earned on a test to increase. b) no, an increase in the number of points earned on a test likely does not cause an increase in the number of hours spent studying for the test. c) yes, an increase in the number of points earned on a test likely causes an increase in the number of hours spent studying for the test. d) yes, an increase in the number of hours spent studying likely causes the number of points earned on a test to increase.

Explanation:

Causation means one variable directly causes a change in another. Here, more study hours (cause) lead to more test points (effect). Options A and B wrongly deny causation. Option C reverses the cause - effect relationship.

Answer:

D. Yes, an increase in the number of hours spent studying likely causes the number of points earned on a test to increase.