Question

constructing a two-way table using driving data
car models, weights, and city mileage per gallon
to analyze the relationship between car weight categories and city mileage, which structure would be most effective for organizing a two-way table?

car model	weight (lbs)	city mileage per gallon (mpg)
car b	3,000	24
car c	3,500	20
car d	2,800	26
car e	4,000	18
car f	2,600	30
car g	3,800	22
car h	4,100	17

• rows labeled by city mileage ranges and columns by specific car models
• rows labeled by weight categories and columns by city mileage ranges
• rows labeled by specific car models and columns by city mileage ranges
• rows labeled by car models and columns by weight

Explanation:

Step1: Understand the Goal

We need to organize a two - way table to analyze the relationship between car weight categories and city mileage. A two - way table should group data by the two variables of interest: weight categories and city mileage ranges.

Step2: Analyze Option 1

"rows labeled by city mileage ranges and columns by specific car models" - This option focuses on car models and city mileage ranges. But we want to analyze the relationship between weight categories and city mileage, so this is not correct.

Step3: Analyze Option 2

"rows labeled by weight categories and columns by city mileage ranges" - Weight categories (like light, medium, heavy) and city mileage ranges (like 15 - 20, 20 - 25, 25 - 30) are the two variables we want to relate. Grouping rows by weight categories and columns by city mileage ranges will allow us to see how many cars in each weight category fall into each mileage range, which is perfect for analyzing their relationship.

Step4: Analyze Option 3

"rows labeled by specific car models and columns by city mileage ranges" - This focuses on car models and city mileage, not weight categories and city mileage. So it's incorrect.

Step5: Analyze Option 4 (partially visible)

"rows labeled by car models and columns by weight" - This focuses on car models and weight, not the relationship between weight categories and city mileage. So it's incorrect.

Answer:

rows labeled by weight categories and columns by city mileage ranges