Question

consider this situation: a father uses a rope to pull a child on a sled at a constant speed. of the forces listed, identify which act upon the sled. tap to select the forces that are present. normal gravity applied friction tension air resistance check answers

Explanation:

1. Normal Force: The sled is on a surface (e.g., snow/ground), so the surface exerts an upward normal force to balance gravity.
2. Gravity: Earth’s gravity pulls the sled downward.
3. Applied Force: The father pulling the rope applies a force (but since it’s via tension, “Applied” here might be less direct, but the tension is the applied pull). Wait, actually, the tension in the rope is the applied force here. But let's re - evaluate:

• Tension: The rope pulls the sled, so tension from the rope acts on the sled.
• Friction: Since the sled is moving at constant speed, there must be friction (kinetic friction) opposing the motion, balanced by the tension.
• Air Resistance: As the sled moves through air, air resistance acts opposite to the direction of motion.
• Gravity and Normal are vertical forces (gravity down, normal up, balanced).
• So the forces acting on the sled are: Normal (from the ground), Gravity (Earth’s pull), Tension (from the rope), Friction (between sled and ground), Air Resistance (as it moves through air), and the applied force is via tension. But in the options, “Applied” might be a bit ambiguous, but the key forces are Normal, Gravity, Tension, Friction, Air Resistance. Wait, let's correct:
• The father pulls with a rope, so the force on the sled from the rope is tension (so Tension is present).
• Gravity: always acts on objects near Earth.
• Normal: the ground pushes up on the sled.
• Friction: since it's moving at constant speed, the net force is zero, so tension (pull) is balanced by friction (and air resistance? Wait, if it's a sled on snow, maybe air resistance is negligible, but the question includes it as an option. Wait, the problem says “of the forces listed”, so we have to go by the options.
• Let's analyze each option:
• Normal: Yes, the surface exerts a normal force upward on the sled.
• Gravity: Yes, gravitational force acts downward on the sled.
• Applied: The father's pull is via the rope, so the applied force is transmitted as tension. But “Applied” here might be considered as the force from the rope, but “Tension” is more accurate. However, in some force - diagram contexts, the pull from the rope can be called an applied force. But let's check the standard: when a rope pulls an object, the force on the object is tension. So maybe “Applied” is not the best, but let's see the other options.
• Friction: Since the sled is moving at constant speed, the horizontal forces must balance. The tension (pull) is balanced by friction (and air resistance if significant). So friction is present.
• Tension: The rope exerts a tension force on the sled.
• Air Resistance: As the sled moves through the air, air resistance acts opposite to the direction of motion.
• So the forces acting on the sled are Normal, Gravity, Tension, Friction, and Air Resistance. The “Applied” force is the tension here, but since “Tension” is an option, we should select Tension instead of Applied. Wait, maybe the “Applied” force is a misnomer here, and the correct forces are Normal, Gravity, Tension, Friction, Air Resistance.

Answer:

The forces acting on the sled are:

• Normal
• Gravity
• Tension
• Friction
• Air Resistance

(Note: If we consider that the “Applied” force is the tension, but since “Tension” is a separate option, we should select Tension. The “Applied” force in the option might be a bit confusing, but based on the rope - pull, Tension is the correct force from the rope on the sled. So the correct selections from the given options are Normal, Gravity, Tension, Friction, Air Resistance.)