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conjunctive adverbs: conjunctive adverbs are words or phrases that join two independent clauses, showing the relationship between them. they act as connectors to indicate cause and effect, contrast, sequence, or other relationships. they are usually placed between two independent clauses, after a semicolon and before a comma. they can also be used to connect two separate sentences. - punctuation rule: use a semicolon (;) before the conjunctive adverb and a comma (,) after it when connecting two independent clauses. - common conjunctive adverbs: however, therefore, meanwhile, nevertheless, moreover, consequently, furthermore, otherwise, and then. - example: i wanted to go to the beach; however, it started to rain. guided application: combine the two sentences (independent clauses) below into one sentence by utilizing a semi - colon (;) and a conjunctive adverb. - example: “i didn’t study for the test. i failed” → “i didn’t study for the test; therefore, i failed.” 1. john lewis really wanted to attend troy state. he was nervous to meet dr. king. 2. elwood believed in dr. king’s words. he still ended up at the nickel academy. 3. turner warned elwood about trusting authority. elwood refused to stop believing in justice.
To solve these, we use the conjunctive adverb rules. For each pair of sentences, identify a conjunctive adverb that shows the relationship (contrast, cause - effect, etc.) and apply the semicolon + conjunctive adverb + comma structure.
- For "John Lewis really wanted to attend Troy State. He was nervous to meet Dr. King." The relationship is contrast. So we can use "however". The combined sentence is: "John Lewis really wanted to attend Troy State; however, he was nervous to meet Dr. King."
- For "Elwood believed in Dr. King’s words. He still ended up at the Nickel Academy." The relationship is contrast. We can use "nevertheless" or "however". Using "nevertheless": "Elwood believed in Dr. King’s words; nevertheless, he still ended up at the Nickel Academy."
- For "Turner warned Elwood about trusting authority. Elwood refused to stop believing in justice." The relationship is contrast. We can use "however" or "nevertheless". Using "however": "Turner warned Elwood about trusting authority; however, Elwood refused to stop believing in justice."
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- John Lewis really wanted to attend Troy State; however, he was nervous to meet Dr. King.
- Elwood believed in Dr. King’s words; nevertheless, he still ended up at the Nickel Academy.
- Turner warned Elwood about trusting authority; however, Elwood refused to stop believing in justice.