Question

complex organisms contain different levels of organization that work together to maintain homeostasis. which statem organism? select all that apply.

adult stem cells are totipotent cells that can differentiate into any cell type needed for repair

stem cells are unspecialized cells that can become specialized during differentiation.

stem cell differentiation is the only process needed to maintain a complex organism.

adult stem cells can replenish themselves with identical copies formed during cell division.

an adult red blood stem cell can easily differentiate to become a nerve cell.

stem cells become differentiated based on the different genes inherited by the organism.

Explanation:

1. Analyze each statement:

• "Adult stem cells are totipotent cells that can differentiate into any cell type needed for repair": Totipotent cells can differentiate into all cell types, including extra - embryonic tissues. Adult stem cells are usually multipotent (can differentiate into a limited number of cell types), not totipotent. So this statement is incorrect.
• "Stem cells are unspecialized cells that can become specialized during differentiation": This is a correct definition of stem cells. They are undifferentiated and can undergo differentiation to become specialized cells.
• "Stem cell differentiation is the only process needed to maintain a complex organism": Maintaining a complex organism involves many processes such as cell communication, nutrient uptake, waste removal, etc. Stem cell differentiation is just one of the processes. So this statement is incorrect.
• "Adult stem cells can replenish themselves with identical copies formed during cell division": Adult stem cells can undergo self - renewal through cell division, producing identical copies of themselves. This statement is correct.
• "An adult red blood stem cell can easily differentiate to become a nerve cell": Adult red blood stem cells (hematopoietic stem cells) are multipotent and can differentiate into blood - related cell types. Differentiating into a nerve cell (a different germ layer - derived cell type) is not easy for them as they are committed to the hematopoietic lineage. So this statement is incorrect.
• "Stem cells become differentiated based on the different genes inherited by the organism": Stem cells have the same set of genes as other cells in the organism. Differentiation occurs due to differential gene expression (which genes are turned on or off), not different genes inherited. So this statement is incorrect.

Answer:

B. Stem cells are unspecialized cells that can become specialized during differentiation, D. Adult stem cells can replenish themselves with identical copies formed during cell division