Question

compare anaphase of mitosis and anaphase i of meiosis. how are they similar? how are they different? compare anaphase of mitosis and anaphase ii of meiosis. how are they similar? how are they different? compare anaphase i of meiosis and anaphase ii of meiosis. how are they similar? how are they different?

Explanation:

• Anaphase of mitosis vs anaphase I of meiosis:
• Similarity: In both, spindle fibers are involved in moving chromosomes.
• Difference: In mitosis anaphase, sister chromatids separate. In anaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate.
• Anaphase of mitosis vs anaphase II of meiosis:
• Similarity: Sister chromatids separate in both cases, and spindle fibers pull them to opposite poles.
• Difference: Mitosis anaphase occurs in a diploid cell (assuming starting cell is diploid), while anaphase II of meiosis occurs in a haploid cell (as meiosis I has already reduced chromosome number).
• Anaphase I vs anaphase II of meiosis:
• Similarity: Spindle - fiber - mediated chromosome movement.
• Difference: Anaphase I: homologous chromosomes separate. Anaphase II: sister chromatids separate.

Answer:

• Anaphase of mitosis vs anaphase I of meiosis: Similar - spindle - fiber - mediated chromosome movement. Different - mitosis: sister - chromatid separation; meiosis I: homologous - chromosome separation.
• Anaphase of mitosis vs anaphase II of meiosis: Similar - sister - chromatid separation. Different - mitosis: diploid cell (usually); meiosis II: haploid cell.
• Anaphase I vs anaphase II of meiosis: Similar - spindle - fiber - mediated movement. Different - I: homologous - chromosome separation; II: sister - chromatid separation.