Question

the \black codes\, set up by new southern states during the reconstruction period were able to pass all of the following laws except
a deny african americans citizenship.
b not allow african americans to lease land or homes.
c restrict african americans from serving on jury duty.
d forbid african americans and white people from marrying.
e fine or punish african americans who did not have job contracts.

Explanation:

To solve this, we recall the context of Black Codes during Reconstruction. Black Codes aimed to restrict African Americans' rights, but the 14th Amendment (1868) granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US, including former slaves. So denying citizenship (Option A) was not possible as the 14th Amendment had established citizenship for African Americans by then. The other options (B - E) were typical restrictions of Black Codes: limiting land/home access, jury duty exclusion, interracial marriage bans, and penalizing jobless African Americans.

Answer:

A. deny African Americans citizenship.