Question

changing tone
highlight clues that signal the reader should change tone.
laura tried to calm her down. \just remember how mister lincoln couldnt think of anything to say at the gettysburg, but then, bang! four score and once upon a time ago,\ she began reciting. \something is going to come if you just relax. youll see, like the americans say, necessity is the daughter of invention. ill help you.\
—\daughter of invention,\
julia alvarez
what is the tone of the first line of dialogue until gettysburg?
which type of clue helps the reader understand how to read the word bang?
which tone is best for reading the word bang?
which words should be read with a formal tone?

Explanation:

Since the problem involves analyzing the tone of a text, identifying clues for tone, and determining how to read words (related to literary analysis and language), the subfield under Arts is Linguistics (or Literature, as it's about textual analysis). For the first question "What is the tone of the first line of dialogue until 'Gettysburg'?": The first line of dialogue is "Laura tried to calm her down. 'Just remember how Mister Lincoln couldn’t think of anything to say at the Gettysburg...'". The tone here is soothing/reassuring because Laura is trying to calm someone, using a comforting approach (mentioning Lincoln's struggle to relate and calm the other person).

For "Which type of clue helps the reader understand how to read the word 'bang'?": The context around "bang" (like the sudden action or the shift in the narrative, maybe punctuation or the situation where she starts reciting after a pause) – likely a contextual clue (or sound - effect clue, as "bang" is an onomatopoeia, so the type of clue could be onomatopoeia or contextual).

For "Which tone is best for reading the word 'bang'?": "Bang" is a sudden, sharp sound, so the tone should be abrupt, forceful, or with a sharp intonation to emphasize the suddenness.

For "Which words should be read with a formal tone?": Words related to formal contexts, like "Mister Lincoln", "Gettysburg" (proper nouns in a historical/literary context), or "Necessity" (from the later quote) could be read formally, as they are related to formal or historical/literary references.

Answer:

(For the first sub - question "What is the tone of the first line of dialogue until 'Gettysburg'?")
The tone is soothing (or reassuring).

(For "Which type of clue helps the reader understand how to read the word 'bang'?")
The type of clue is onomatopoeia (or contextual clue, as the situation implies a sudden action).

(For "Which tone is best for reading the word 'bang'?")
The tone is abrupt (or forceful, sharp).

(For "Which words should be read with a formal tone?")
Words like "Mister Lincoln", "Gettysburg" (or "Necessity" from the related text) should be read with a formal tone.