Question

centrilobular emphysema is caused by which of the following?
farmers lung
alpha - 1 - antitrypsin deficiency
cigarette smoking
type i hypersensitivity reaction

Explanation:

Centrilobular emphysema is strongly associated with cigarette smoking. Cigarette smoke causes inflammation and damage to the lung parenchyma, particularly in the centrilobular regions. Farmer's lung is a form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (Type III hypersensitivity reaction) caused by inhalation of organic dusts. Alpha - 1 - antitrypsin deficiency is more commonly associated with panlobular emphysema. Type I hypersensitivity reactions are immediate - type allergic reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis, allergic rhinitis) and not directly related to centrilobular emphysema.

Answer:

C. Cigarette smoking