Question

central dogma review homework - due next class
part 1: fill - in - the - blank - use the word bank to fill in each sentence
word bank: dna, rna, nucleus, ribosome, protein, transcription, translation, gene

1. a __________ is a section of dna that contains instructions for making one specific protein.
2. __________ is the process of copying dna into rna.
3. transcription happens in the __________ of the cell.
4. __________ is the process of using rna to build a protein.
5. translation happens at a __________ in the cytoplasm of the cell.
6. __________ carries a copy of instructions that originally came from dna.
7. the final product of translation is a __________

part 2: central dogma flow
below is a very simple diagram of the flow of the central dogma.
dna → rna → protein
explain what each arrow represents in the central dogma

1. arrow 1 (dna → rna): __________
2. arrow 2 (rna → protein): __________

part 5: sorting - put a check mark next to the correct step in the central dogma for each fact.

fact	transcription	translation
creates a protein
uses rna
copies dna
happens at a ribosome

Explanation:

• Part 1:
• A gene is a section of DNA that contains instructions for making one specific protein.
• Transcription is the process of copying DNA into RNA.
• Transcription happens in the nucleus of the cell.
• Translation is the process of using RNA to build a protein.
• Translation happens at a ribosome in the cytoplasm of the cell.
• RNA carries a copy of instructions that originally came from DNA.
• The final product of translation is a protein.
• Part 2:
• Arrow 1 (DNA → RNA) represents transcription.
• Arrow 2 (RNA → Protein) represents translation.
• Part 5:
• "Happens in the nucleus" is a characteristic of transcription.
• "Creates a protein" is a characteristic of translation.
• "Uses RNA" is a characteristic of translation.
• "Copies DNA" is a characteristic of transcription.
• "Happens at a ribosome" is a characteristic of translation.

Answer:

• Part 1:

1. gene
2. Transcription
3. nucleus
4. Translation
5. ribosome
6. RNA
7. protein

• Part 2:

1. Transcription
2. Translation

• Part 5:
• "Happens in the nucleus": Transcription
• "Creates a protein": Translation
• "Uses RNA": Translation
• "Copies DNA": Transcription
• "Happens at a ribosome": Translation