Question

cell structure practice
use the clues and words to help you write the vocabulary terms from the chapter in the blanks. you may use a word once or not at all.
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondrian
ribosomes
golgi apparatus
nucleus
chloroplast

1. structure that contains dna in a eukaryotic cell
2. organelle that changes chemical energy in food into usable compounds
3. cell structure that makes proteins
4. internal membrane system that helps make proteins

answer the following questions. use the diagrams to answer questions 5 and 6.

1. which of the cells is a plant cell?
2. which of the cells is prokaryotic?
3. complete the linear concept map.
4. ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the golgi apparatus work together to

a. convert solar energy to chemical energy.
b. pass on genetic information.
c. break down and recycle materials.
d. make and deliver proteins.

Explanation:

1. The nucleus is the structure that contains DNA in a eukaryotic cell.
2. Mitochondria change chemical energy in food into usable compounds.
3. Ribosomes are the cell structure that makes proteins.
4. The endoplasmic reticulum is the internal membrane system that helps make proteins.
5. Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts (not shown in all details here but the shape and structure in diagram B is more typical of a plant cell with a more rigid shape which is due to the cell wall).
6. Prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) do not have a nucleus. Diagram C is a prokaryotic cell (bacterial - like cell).
7. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
8. Ribosomes make proteins, the endoplasmic reticulum helps in protein synthesis and transport, and the Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and delivers proteins.

Answer:

1. nucleus
2. mitochondria
3. ribosomes
4. endoplasmic reticulum
5. B
6. C
7. Osmosis
8. D. make and deliver proteins.