Question

the byzantine empire and the division of christianity
i. the fall of the roman empire
a. after the pax romana, the roman empire entered an era of

1. romans had a large (they bought more than they produced)
2. the roman empire had a series of
3. as rome went deeper into debt, the became weak and began using foreign mercenary soldiers
4. emperor diocletian then tried to save the roman empire by it to make it more manageable

b. the of the roman empire continued to grow weak

1. emperor constantine moved the roman capital to in the eastern side of the roman empire
2. by 476, conquered the western roman empire
3. the western roman empire fell into the (or \dark ages\) from 500 to 1300 ce

ii. the rise of the byzantine empire
a. while the roman empire was in
... the roman empire remained alive while the western roman empire was in

1. the eastern roman empire later became known as the
2. constantinople was a crossroads for and business between europe, asia, and africa because of its location; this trade made the byzantine empire very
3. its location on the water (connecting the black sea and mediterranean sea) made it more from outside invaders than most cities
4. the byzantines had including neighboring arabs and some germanic tribes, but they were able to

b. citizens of the byzantine empire thought of themselves as ; they shared some with the roman empire

1. greco - roman culture preserved by byzantines

a. the byzantines kept of the roman empire alive while the western side was plunged into the middle ages
b. by preserving greco - roman culture, constantinople became a major center of
c. schools taught philosophy, , geometry, and greek and grammar

Explanation:

1. After the Pax Romana, the Roman Empire faced economic issues like large trade - deficits (buying more than producing), a series of weak emperors, and a weakened military that resorted to foreign mercenaries. Diocletian tried to save it by dividing it.
2. The Western Roman Empire continued to decline. Constantine moved the capital to Constantinople. In 476, the Germanic tribes conquered the Western Roman Empire, leading to the Middle Ages or "Dark Ages".
3. While the Western Roman Empire was in decline, the Eastern Roman Empire (later Byzantine) remained alive. Constantinople was a trade cross - roads, making the Byzantine Empire wealthy and more defensible due to its water - connected location. The Byzantines faced threats from neighboring tribes but managed to defend.
4. Byzantine citizens saw themselves as connected to the Roman Empire. They preserved Greco - Roman culture, with Constantinople as a center of learning teaching philosophy, law, geometry, and Greek and Latin grammar.

Answer:

1. A. 1. trade - deficit
2. weak emperors
3. Roman military
4. dividing

B. 1. Western

1. Constantinople
2. Germanic tribes; Middle Ages
3. A. 1. Western; Eastern
4. trade; wealthy
5. defensible
6. enemies; defend

B. 1. Romans; connections

1. a. aspects

b. learning
c. law; Latin