Question

base your answers to questions 5, 6 and 7 on the excerpt below and on your knowledge of social studies.
jawaharlal nehru (1889-1964) was a politician who fought for indian independence from great britain and became the country’s first prime minister.
... the chief business of the east india company in its early period, the very object for which it was started, was to carry indian manufactured goods—textiles, etc., as well as spices and the like—from the east to europe, where there was a great demand for these articles. with the developments in industrial techniques in england a new class of industrial capitalists rose there demanding a change in this policy. the british market was to be closed to indian products and the indian market opened to british manufactures. the british parliament, influenced by this new class, began to take a greater interest in india and the working of the east india company. to begin with, indian goods were excluded from britain by legislation, and as the company held a monopoly in the indian export business, this exclusion influenced other foreign markets also. this was followed by vigorous attempts to restrict and crush indian manufactures by various measures and internal duties which prevented the flow of indian goods within the country itself. british goods meanwhile had free entry. the indian textile industry collapsed, affecting vast numbers of weavers and artisans. the process was rapid in bengal and bihar; elsewhere it spread gradually with the expansion of british rule and the building of railways. it continued throughout the nineteenth century, breaking up other old industries also, shipbuilding, metalwork, glass, paper, and many crafts. . . .
source: jawaharlal nehru, the discovery of india, john day company, 1946

1. based on this excerpt, which statement best describes the author’s point of view?

(1) british involvement in india benefited indian manufactures.
(2) the east india company’s goal was to enrich india’s economy.
(3) british policies destroyed indian businesses by restricting who they could sell to.
(4) the british helped create a new class of wealthy indians.

1. according to jawaharlal nehru, which historical development contributed to a change in british policy with india?

(1) industrial revolution
(2) napoleonic wars
(3) green revolution
(4) meiji restoration

1. which evidence best supports the claim made by jawaharlal nehru in this excerpt?

Explanation:

Question 5

• Analyze each option:
• Option 1: The excerpt says Indian manufactures collapsed, so British involvement did not benefit them. Eliminate.
• Option 2: The East India Company's goal was to trade for profit, not enrich India. Eliminate.
• Option 3: The text describes British policies (excluding Indian goods, restricting markets) that destroyed Indian businesses. This matches.
• Option 4: The excerpt focuses on British harm to Indian industries, not creating wealthy Indians. Eliminate.

• The excerpt states "With the developments in industrial techniques in England a new class of industrial capitalists rose there demanding a change in this policy." Industrial techniques development refers to the Industrial Revolution.
• Option 2 (Napoleonic Wars) is about European conflict, not Indian policy change.
• Option 3 (Green Revolution) is about agriculture in later years, not relevant.
• Option 4 (Meiji Restoration) is Japanese, not British-Indian policy.

Answer:

(3) British policies destroyed Indian businesses by restricting who they could sell to.

Question 6