Question

amoeba sisters | video recap
name:______________________
amoeba sisters video recap: dna vs. rna & protein synthesis updated
protein synthesis summary
complete the missing information in the summary chart after watching the amoeba sisters protein synthesis video.
process name | location (in eukaryotic cell) | brief and general description | end result | dna directly involved? (yes or no?) | list rna type(s) involved (mrna, rrna, and/or trna?)
transcription | 21. | 22. | 23. | 24. | mrna only
illustration of transcription with rna polymerase, dna strands, rna
translation | 25. | 26. | 27. | no | 28.
illustration of translation with trna, methionine, ribosome, mrna

1. consider the illustration placed in the transcription box above. identify and label on the illustration if any of the following are present: dna, mrna, rrna, trna, and/or amino acid.
2. consider the illustration placed in the translation box above. identify and label on the illustration if any of the following are present: dna, mrna, rrna, trna, and/or amino acid.

amoeba sisters |

Explanation:

• Transcription:
• Location (21): In eukaryotic cells, transcription occurs in the nucleus. DNA is located in the nucleus, and the process of making RNA from DNA (transcription) happens there.
• Brief and General Description (22): Transcription is the process where a segment of DNA is used as a template to synthesize RNA. RNA polymerase binds to the DNA, unwinds a portion of it, and builds an RNA strand complementary to the DNA template strand.
• End Result (23): The end - result of transcription is the formation of RNA (in this case, since it's for protein synthesis and the RNA type involved is mRNA only as per the table, it's mRNA).
• DNA directly involved? (24): Yes, because DNA serves as the template for the synthesis of RNA during transcription.
• Translation:
• Location (25): Translation occurs in the ribosomes. Ribosomes can be free - floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
• Brief and General Description (26): Translation is the process where the mRNA sequence is decoded to synthesize a protein. tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome, and the ribosome (which contains rRNA) helps in forming peptide bonds between the amino acids based on the mRNA codons.
• End Result (27): The end - result of translation is a polypeptide chain (which can fold into a functional protein).
• RNA types involved (28): mRNA provides the genetic code, tRNA brings the amino acids, and rRNA is part of the ribosome structure that facilitates the translation process. So, mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA are involved.

Answer:

1. Nucleus
2. Making RNA from DNA
3. RNA (mRNA)
4. Yes
5. Ribosome (can be in cytoplasm or attached to endoplasmic reticulum)
6. Making protein from mRNA
7. Polypeptide chain (protein)
8. mRNA, tRNA, rRNA