Question

accessing patient information without a job - related reason is an example of:
a. breach of confidentiality
b. release of information
c. privileged communication
d. medical identity theft

Explanation:

Breach of confidentiality occurs when information (like patient data) is accessed without proper authorization (such as a job - related reason). Release of information usually implies sharing it (maybe with proper channels in some cases). Privileged communication is a legal concept about protected conversations (e.g., between doctor - patient in a specific legal sense, not just unauthorized access). Medical identity theft is about using someone's medical identity for false claims etc., which is different from just unauthorized access.

Answer:

a. breach of confidentiality