Question

1. this section reviews the severity of burns. using the key choices, select the correct burn type for each of the following descriptions. enter your answers in the answer blanks.

key choices
a. first - degree burn b. second - degree burn c. third - degree burn

1. full - thickness burn; epidermal and dermal layers destroyed; skin is blanched
2. blisters form
3. epidermal damage, redness, and some pain (usually brief)
4. epidermal and some dermal damage; pain; regeneration is possible
5. regeneration impossible; requires grafting
6. pain is absent because nerve endings in the area are destroyed
7. what is the importance of the “rule of nines” in treatment of burn patients?
8. fill in the type of skin cancer that matches each of the following descriptions:
9. epithelial cells, not in contact with the basement membrane, develop lesions; metastasize
10. cells of the lowest level of the epidermis invade the dermis and hypodermis; exposed areas develop ulcer; slow to metastasize
11. rare but often deadly cancer of pigment - producing cells

Explanation:

• Burn Types:
• Third - degree burn (C): In a third - degree burn, there is full - thickness damage. The epidermal and dermal layers are destroyed. Since nerve endings are destroyed, pain may be absent (as in description 6). Also, regeneration is impossible without grafting (description 5).
• Second - degree burn (B): Blisters form (description 2) as there is epidermal and some dermal damage. Regeneration is possible (description 4) as the deeper parts of the dermis may still have viable cells.
• First - degree burn (A): There is only epidermal damage, which causes redness and some brief pain (description 3).
• Skin Cancers:
• Squamous cell carcinoma: Epithelial cells (not in contact with the basement membrane) develop lesions and can metastasize.
• Basal cell carcinoma: Cells of the lowest level of the epidermis (basal cells) invade the dermis and hypodermis. Exposed areas develop ulcers, and it is slow to metastasize.
• Melanoma: It is a rare but often deadly cancer of pigment - producing cells (melanocytes).

Answer:

21.

1. C. Third - degree burn
2. B. Second - degree burn
3. A. First - degree burn
4. B. Second - degree burn
5. C. Third - degree burn
6. C. Third - degree burn

23.

1. Squamous cell carcinoma
2. Basal cell carcinoma
3. Melanoma