Question

1. the term echo chamber refers to:

environments where people are exposed only to opinions that reinforce their own
newsrooms that prioritize investigative stories
government - controlled media outlets
public access television
question 19

1. which factor most contributes to the spread of misinformation online?

rapid sharing on social media
rigorous fact - checking
academic peer review
editorial oversight

Explanation:

• For question 18: The term 'echo chamber' is a concept in media and communication (a sub - field of Social Science). It describes a situation where people only encounter opinions that match their own. Newsrooms prioritizing investigative stories, government - controlled media, and public access TV do not fit this definition.
• For question 19: In the context of media and communication (Social Science sub - field), rapid sharing on social media can lead to the quick spread of misinformation. Rigorous fact - checking, academic peer review, and editorial oversight are more likely to prevent the spread of misinformation.

Answer:

1. Environments where people are exposed only to opinions that reinforce their own
2. Rapid sharing on social media