Question

17 multiple choice 1 point
what does the term homozygous mean?
having a mutation in a particular gene
having two identical alleles for a particular gene
having two different alleles for a particular gene
having no alleles for a particular gene

18 multiple choice 1 point
what is meant by range of reaction?
it refers to the range of intelligence levels a person can achieve.
it refers to the range of emotions a person can experience.
it refers to the idea that genetic makeup establishes a range of possible developmental outcomes, and the environment determines where within that range a person will fall.
it refers to the maximum potential height a person can reach.

Explanation:

Define homozygous alleles

The term "homozygous" comes from the Greek roots "homo-" meaning "same" and "zygos" meaning "yoke" or "pair". In genetics, which builds on our understanding of a Gene Definition, this describes a genotype where an individual inherits two identical alleles (versions of a gene) for a specific trait, one from each biological parent.

Analyze Question 17 options

• Option 1: "Having a mutation in a particular gene" describes a mutated state, not zygosity.
• Option 2: "Having two identical alleles for a particular gene" perfectly matches the definition of homozygous.
• Option 3: "Having two different alleles for a particular gene" defines heterozygous.
• Option 4: "Having no alleles for a particular gene" is generally not viable for essential genes.

Define range of reaction

In developmental psychology and genetics, "range of reaction" (or reaction range) is a concept asserting that our genes set boundaries for our potential, while the environment determines where we fall within those limits. This connects directly to how genes express themselves as physical traits, relating to Phenotype vs Genotype.

Analyze Question 18 options

• Option 1 and Option 4 focus too narrowly on single traits (intelligence or height) rather than the general developmental principle.
• Option 2 focuses only on emotions.
• Option 3: "It refers to the idea that genetic makeup establishes a range of possible developmental outcomes, and the environment determines where within that range a person will fall" accurately and comprehensively defines the range of reaction.

Answer:

Question 17

• Having a mutation in a particular gene
• Having two identical alleles for a particular gene (Correct answer)
• Having two different alleles for a particular gene
• Having no alleles for a particular gene

Question 18

• It refers to the range of intelligence levels a person can achieve.
• It refers to the range of emotions a person can experience.
• It refers to the idea that genetic makeup establishes a range of possible developmental outcomes, and the environment determines where within that range a person will fall. (Correct answer)
• It refers to the maximum potential height a person can reach.