Question

1. (_{6}^{14}c

ightarrow_{7}^{14}n +?) what particle completes this reaction? a) gamma particle b) beta particle c) alpha particle d) neutron 16. what is the symbol for an alpha particle? a) (_{ - 1}^{0}e) b) (_{0}^{1}n) c) (_{2}^{4}he) d) (_{+1}^{0}e) 17. what is the missing isotope that will balance the following nuclear equation? (_{4}^{9}be+_{1}^{1}h
ightarrow__+_{2}^{4}he) a) (_{5}^{10}ne) b) (_{3}^{6}li) c) (_{5}^{10}b) d) (_{3}^{6}c)

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze 15

In a nuclear - decay reaction, for the reaction $^{14}_{6}\text{C}\to^{14}_{7}\text{N}+?$, the mass number remains the same (14) and the atomic number increases by 1. This is characteristic of beta - decay where a neutron in the nucleus is converted into a proton and an electron (beta particle). The beta particle is represented as $^{0}_{ - 1}e$.

Step2: Analyze 16

An alpha particle is a helium nucleus with 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Its symbol is $^{4}_{2}\text{He}$, where 4 is the mass number (sum of protons and neutrons) and 2 is the atomic number (number of protons).

Step3: Analyze 17

For the nuclear equation $^{9}_{4}\text{Be}+^{1}_{1}\text{H}\to?+^{4}_{2}\text{He}$, we use the conservation of mass number and atomic number. The sum of mass numbers on the left - hand side is $9 + 1=10$, and the sum of atomic numbers on the left - hand side is $4+1 = 5$. On the right - hand side, for the known $^{4}_{2}\text{He}$, the missing isotope must have a mass number of $10 - 4=6$ and an atomic number of $5 - 2 = 3$. The element with atomic number 3 is lithium (Li), but the mass number doesn't match. The correct isotope is $^{10}_{5}\text{B}$ where the mass number is 10 and atomic number is 5.

Answer:

1. B. beta particle
2. C. $^{4}_{2}\text{He}$
3. C. $^{10}_{5}\text{B}$