Question

14 describe the flow of thermal energy. 15 how do you know that thermal equilibrium has been reached between two objects? what happens to the flow of thermal energy when equilibrium is met? how can you disturb the thermal equilibrium between two objects?

Explanation:

Step1: Define heat flow principle

Thermal energy flows from higher - temperature to lower - temperature objects.

Step2: Answer question 14

In the given scenarios, for the sun - beach example, thermal energy flows from the sun (higher temperature) to the beach (lower temperature). For the refrigerator - kitchen example, heat flows from the kitchen (higher temperature) to the refrigerator (lower temperature). For the iron - shirt example, thermal energy flows from the iron (higher temperature) to the shirt (lower temperature).

Step3: Answer question 15

Thermal equilibrium is reached when there is no net flow of thermal energy between two objects and they have the same temperature.

Step4: Answer question 16

When equilibrium is met, the flow of thermal energy stops as there is no temperature difference.

Step5: Answer question 17

You can disturb thermal equilibrium by changing the temperature of one of the objects, for example, by heating or cooling one of them.

Answer:

1. Thermal energy flows from higher - temperature objects to lower - temperature objects (sun to beach, kitchen to refrigerator, iron to shirt).
2. When there is no net flow of thermal energy and the two objects have the same temperature.
3. The flow of thermal energy stops.
4. By changing the temperature of one of the objects (heating or cooling).