Question

13
in context, the reference to remembering a relative’s birthday mainly serves to
a) show that people who are closely related tend to have shared memories.
b) demonstrate how people initially developed external sources of memory.
c) emphasize the effectiveness and accuracy of transactive memory sources.
d) illustrate the concept of a transactive memory source using a familiar situation.

14
based on the information in the passage, which of the following would be considered a transactive memory source?
a) a souvenir brought home from a memorable trip
b) a written list of a user’s passwords for different websites
c) a library database that helps users locate specific books
d) a website that helps users plan and make travel arrangements

15
as used in line 26, “extensions of” most nearly means
a) delays in.
b) additions to.
c) lengths of.
d) developments of.

16
the discussion of the experiments suggests that people are inclined to think of specific information sources in response to being
a) required to memorize details that will then be made inaccessible.
b) directed to develop a system for organizing and saving content.
c) asked to provide facts that are not already familiar to them.
d) prompted to identify terms related to dependence on computers.

17
which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?
a) lines 42-45 (“in the . . . questions”)
b) lines 48-51 (“half . . . erased”)
c) lines 51-53 (“in subsequent . . . statements”)
d) lines 59-61 (“the participants . . . themselves”)

18
as used in line 67, “employ” most nearly means
a) utilize.
b) enroll.
c) exert.
d) assign.

Explanation:

Question 13

To solve this, we analyze each option. The reference to remembering a relative’s birthday is a familiar situation. Option A is incorrect as the focus isn't on shared memories of relatives. Option B is wrong as it's not about developing external memory sources initially. Option C is incorrect as the example is to illustrate the concept, not emphasize effectiveness. Option D matches as it uses a familiar situation (remembering a relative’s birthday) to illustrate the concept of a transactive memory source.

A transactive memory source is an external source that helps with memory. Option A: a souvenir is a memento, not a memory - aiding source. Option B: a password list is for personal access, not a transactive (shared/ external - aiding) memory source. Option C: a library database helps locate books, not memory - related. Option D: a travel - planning website helps users plan (aids in remembering/ organizing travel details), so it's a transactive memory source.

We look at the context of "extensions of" in line 26. "Extensions" here should mean something added. Option A: "delays in" is incorrect. Option B: "additions to" fits as an extension can be an addition. Option C: "lengths of" is about measurement, not relevant. Option D: "developments of" implies creation, not extension. So "additions to" is the best fit.

Answer:

D) illustrate the concept of a transactive memory source using a familiar situation.

Question 14