Question

1. the vitamin that is needed to prevent neural tube defects is:

thiamin
pantothenic acid
folic acid
biotin

1. breastfed infants of vegan mothers may need a ______ supplement.

vitamin a
vitamin b-12
vitamin k
folic acid

Explanation:

Question 12

Neural tube defects in fetus development are prevented by sufficient intake of folic acid (vitamin B9), especially before and during early pregnancy. Thiamin (B1) is for energy metabolism, pantothenic acid (B5) for coenzyme A, and biotin (B7) for carboxylation reactions, none related to neural tube defects.

Vegan diets lack vitamin B - 12 (found in animal products). Breastfed infants of vegan mothers get nutrients from breast milk, but if the mother is vegan and lacks B - 12, the infant may need B - 12 supplementation. Vitamin A is in plant sources (like carrots), vitamin K can be from gut bacteria or plants, and folic acid is in leafy greens, so B - 12 is the key deficit here.

Answer:

C. Folic acid

Question 13