Question

1. using the base pairing rules for translation, make the amino acid chain based on the mrna strand provided

a. mrna strand: uca aac gau ugc
b. amino acid chain: ______________

1. using all of your knowledge of the process of transcription and translation, create a protein chain from the original dna strand (use the codon sticker provided in your notebook)

a. dna strand: tcg cca atg gca
b. transcribed mrna strand: ______________
c. translated amino acid chain: ______________

1. create a protein chain from the original dna strand

a. dna strand: tcg cca atg gca, acg cta gca att
b. transcribed mrna strand: ______________
c. translated amino acid chain: ______________

Explanation:

Question 12

Step 1: Recall mRNA to amino acid (codon) rules

Each 3 - letter mRNA codon corresponds to an amino acid. We use the genetic code table.

• UCA: Serine (Ser)
• AAC: Asparagine (Asn)
• GAU: Aspartic acid (Asp)
• UGC: Cysteine (Cys)

Step 2: Combine the amino acids

We take each codon, find its corresponding amino acid, and then put them in order.

Step 1: Transcribe DNA to mRNA (base - pairing: A - U, T - A, G - C, C - G)

For the DNA strand TCG CCA ATG GCA:

• TCG: A (T - A) - C (C - G) - G (G - C) → AGC
• CCA: G (C - G) - G (C - G) - U (A - U) → GGU
• ATG: U (A - U) - A (T - A) - C (G - C) → UAC
• GCA: C (G - C) - G (C - G) - U (A - U) → CGU

So the mRNA strand is AGC GGU UAC CGU.

Step 2: Translate mRNA to amino acids

• AGC: Serine (Ser)
• GGU: Glycine (Gly)
• UAC: Tyrosine (Tyr)
• CGU: Arginine (Arg)

Step 1: Transcribe DNA to mRNA (base - pairing: A - U, T - A, G - C, C - G)

• TCG: AGC
• CCA: GGU
• ATG: UAC
• GCA: CGU
• ACG: UGC
• CTA: GAU
• GCA: CGU
• ATT: UAA (stop codon)

So the mRNA strand is AGC GGU UAC CGU UGC GAU CGU UAA.

Step 2: Translate mRNA to amino acids

• AGC: Serine (Ser)
• GGU: Glycine (Gly)
• UAC: Tyrosine (Tyr)
• CGU: Arginine (Arg)
• UGC: Cysteine (Cys)
• GAU: Aspartic acid (Asp)
• CGU: Arginine (Arg)
• UAA: Stop (no amino acid added)

Answer:

Serine - Asparagine - Aspartic acid - Cysteine (or Ser - Asn - Asp - Cys)

Question 13