Question

11.(previous ap mc question): open ocean produce the largest share of earth’s biomass because the net primary productivity (npp) of the oceans is (a) high and thus can support a high proportion of producers (b) high as a result of the high concentration of nutrients in the open oceans (c) low, but the large expanse of the oceans supports enormous numbers of producers such as phytoplankton (d) low, but the individual producers found there are huge in size (e) low, but still higher than that of other ecosystems of the world 12. according to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, the biomass stored in plants can not all be used to feed other organisms. what percentage of the energy stored as biomass in plants is transferred on average to the next trophic level of the food chain? explain why. 13. draw a food web, including the sun, two primary producers, three primary consumers, two secondary consumers, two decomposers, and respiration energy loss. use arrows to show energy flow.

Explanation:

11.

The net - primary productivity (NPP) of open oceans is low. However, due to the vast expanse of the oceans, they can support large numbers of small producers like phytoplankton, which contribute to the large share of Earth's biomass.

According to the 10 - percent rule in ecology (related to the second law of thermodynamics in the context of energy transfer in ecosystems), on average, only about 10% of the energy stored as biomass in plants is transferred to the next trophic level of the food chain. This is because much of the energy is used by the plants for their own metabolic processes (like respiration) and is lost as heat.

Draw a diagram with the sun at the top. Below it, place two primary producers (e.g., grass and algae). From the primary producers, draw arrows pointing to three primary consumers (e.g., rabbit, grasshopper, and zooplankton). From the primary consumers, draw arrows to two secondary consumers (e.g., fox and small fish). Also, draw arrows from all living organisms to two decomposers (e.g., bacteria and fungi) to show the breakdown of organic matter. Additionally, draw small arrows from each organism to represent respiration energy loss. The arrows represent the flow of energy from one organism or component to another.

Answer:

C. low, but the large expanse of the oceans supports enormous numbers of producers such as phytoplankton

12.