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11. examine model 2. number the steps below in order to describe the re…

Question

  1. examine model 2. number the steps below in order to describe the replication of dna in a cell.

hydrogen bonds between nucleotides form.
hydrogen bonds between nucleotides break.
strands of dna separate.
free nucleotides are attracted to exposed bases on the loose strands of dna.

  1. locate the dna helicase on model 2.

a. what type of biological molecule is dna helicase?
b. what is the role of dna helicase in the replication of dna?

  1. what rule is used to join the free nucleotides to the exposed bases of the dna?
  2. this type of replication is called semi - conservative replication. considering the meaning of these words (semi—half; conserve—to keep), explain why dna replication is called semi - conservative.

dna structure and replication

Explanation:

Brief Explanations
  1. Question 11:
  • DNA replication starts with the breaking of hydrogen bonds between nucleotides (this is done by helicase). Then the strands of DNA separate. After that, free nucleotides are attracted to exposed bases (complementary base - pairing), and finally, hydrogen bonds between nucleotides form.
  1. Question 12a:
  • Enzymes are biological molecules that catalyze chemical reactions. DNA helicase is an enzyme.
  1. Question 12b:
  • In DNA replication, DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary base - pairs. This allows the two strands of DNA to separate, which is the first step in DNA replication.
  1. Question 13:
  • The base - pairing rules (A - T and G - C) are used. Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) via two hydrogen bonds, and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C) via three hydrogen bonds.
  1. Question 14:
  • In semi - conservative replication, each new DNA molecule consists of one original (parent) strand and one newly synthesized (daughter) strand. So, half (semi) of the original DNA is conserved (kept) in each new DNA molecule.

Answer:

  1. Question 11:
  • \(2\). Hydrogen bonds between nucleotides break.
  • \(3\). Strands of DNA separate.
  • \(4\). Free nucleotides are attracted to exposed bases on the loose strands of DNA.
  • \(1\). Hydrogen bonds between nucleotides form.
  1. Question 12a: Enzyme.
  2. Question 12b: Breaks hydrogen bonds between base - pairs to separate DNA strands.
  3. Question 13: Base - pairing rules (A - T, G - C).
  4. Question 14: Each new DNA molecule has one original and one new strand.